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第七章 影像解剖 |
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单 元 |
细 目 |
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要 点 |
要求 |
科目 |
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一、神经系统影像解 |
1.颅脑 X 线解剖 |
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(1)颅骨组成 |
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剖 |
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(2)头颅外形和大小 |
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(3)颅内生理性钙化 |
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(4)颅盖骨 X 线解剖 |
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(5)颅底 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(6)新生儿颅骨解剖 |
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(7)眼眶 X 线解剖 |
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(8)鼻腔和鼻窦 X 线解剖 |
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(9)下颌骨和颞下颌关节 X 线解剖 |
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2.颅脑断面解剖 |
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(1)横断面解剖 |
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(2)矢状面解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(3)冠面解剖 |
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3.脊柱脊髓 X 线 |
(1)颈椎 X 线解剖 |
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解剖 |
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(2)胸椎 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(3)腰椎 X 线解剖 |
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(4)骶尾椎 X 线解剖 |
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4.脊柱脊髓断面 |
(1)横断面解剖 |
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解剖 |
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(2)矢状面解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(3)冠状面解剖 |
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二、骨骼系统影像解 |
1.骨关节 X 线解 |
(1)骨的数目、外形和分类 |
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剖 |
剖 |
(2)肩关节的构成和 X 线解剖 |
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(3)肘关节的构成和 X 线解剖 |
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(4)腕关节的构成和 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(5)髋关节的构成和 X 线解剖 |
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(6)膝关节的构成和 X 线解剖 |
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(7)踝关节的构成和 X 线解剖 |
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2.骨关节断面解 |
(1)横断面解剖 |
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剖 |
(2)矢状面解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(3)冠面解剖 |
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三、胸部影像解剖 |
1.胸壁大体解剖 |
(1)骨骼 |
掌握 |
① |
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(2)软组织 |
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2.胸膜横膈 X 线 |
(1)胸膜腔 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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解剖 |
(2)横膈 X 线解剖 |
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3.肺影像解剖 |
(1)肺大体解剖 |
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(2)肺 X 线解剖 |
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(3)肺门 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(4)肺横断面解剖 |
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(5)肺门横断面解剖 |
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4.纵隔影像解剖 |
(1)纵隔九分法概念 |
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(2)纵隔大体和 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(3)纵隔横断面解剖 |
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5.心脏影像解剖 |
(1)心脏大体解剖 |
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(2)心脏 X 线解剖 |
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(3)冠状动脉 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(4)冠状静脉 X 线解剖 |
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(5)心脏横断面解剖 |
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四、腹盆部影像解剖 |
1.消化道影像解 |
(1)咽及食管 X 线解剖 |
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剖 |
(2)胃 CT 解剖 |
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(3)胃解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(4)十二指肠 X 线解剖 |
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(5)空回肠 X 线解剖 |
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(6)结肠和直肠 X 线解剖 |
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2.肝胆胰脾肾上 |
(1)肝胆胰脾肾上腺 X 线解剖 |
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腺影像解剖 |
(2)肝胆胰脾肾上腺横断面解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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3.泌尿生殖系统 |
(1)泌尿生殖系统 X 线解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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影像解剖 |
(2)泌尿生殖系统横断面解剖 |
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4.腹膜腔和腹膜 |
(1)腹膜腔大体解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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后间隙解剖 |
(2)腹膜后间隙横断面解剖 |
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5.腹盆部血管解 |
(1)腹腔动脉造影解剖 |
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剖 |
(2)肠系膜上动脉造影解剖 |
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(3)肠系膜下动脉造影解剖 |
掌握 |
① |
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(4)门静脉造影解剖 |
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(5)肾动脉造影解剖 |
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(6)髂动脉造影解剖 |
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第八章 |
神经系统及头颈部 |
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单 元 |
细 目 |
要 点 |
要求 |
科目 |
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一、中枢神经系统基 |
1.颅脑基本病变 |
(1)颅脑平片 |
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本病变的影像学表 |
的影像学表现 |
(2)DSA |
掌握 |
③ |
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现 |
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(3)颅脑 CT |
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(4)颅脑 MRI |
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2.脊髓基本病变 |
(1)脊椎平片 |
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的影像学表现 |
(2)脊髓造影 |
掌握 |
③ |
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(3)脊椎 CT |
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(4)脊髓 MRI |
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二、脑血管病 |
1.脑梗死 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)CT 表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断及比较影像学 |
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③ |
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2.脑实质出血 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)CT 表现 |
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③ |
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3.蛛网膜下腔出 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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血 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)CT 表现 |
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③ |
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4.脑室内出血 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)CT 表现 |
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③ |
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5.烟雾病 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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6.颅内动脉瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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7.海绵状血管瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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8.动静脉畸形 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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三、脑先天发育畸形 |
1.颅裂畸形伴脑 |
(1)病因病理 |
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膜膨出及脑膜脑 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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膨出 |
(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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2.胼胝体发育不 |
(1)病因病理 |
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良 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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3.先天性第四脑 |
(1)病因病理 |
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室中、侧孔闭锁 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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综合征 |
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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4.脑裂畸形 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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5.灰质异位 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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6.蛛网膜囊肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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7.结节性硬化 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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8.颅面血管瘤病 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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9.神经纤维瘤病 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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四、颅脑肿瘤 |
1.星形细胞瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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2.多形性胶质母 |
(1)病因病理 |
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细胞瘤 |
(2)临床表现 |
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了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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3.少枝胶质细胞 |
(1)病因病理 |
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瘤 |
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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4.室管膜瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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5.髓母细胞瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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6.成血管母细胞 |
(1)病因病理 |
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瘤(血管网状细 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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胞瘤) |
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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7.脑膜瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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8.听神经瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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9.三叉神经瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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10.垂体腺瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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11.颅咽管瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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12.脊索瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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13.胆脂瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.皮样囊肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.畸胎瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
了解 |
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
② |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.脑转移瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
五、颅脑外伤 |
1.硬膜下血肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.硬膜外血肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
|
| |
|
|
掌握 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
| ||
|
|
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.脑实质损伤 |
(1)脑内血肿 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
(2)水肿及肿胀 |
掌握 |
| |
|
|
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
六、颅内感染 |
1.化脓性脑膜炎 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
|
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.脑脓肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.颅内结核 |
(1)结核性脑膜炎的 CT 表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
(2)结核瘤的特征性 CT 表现 |
掌握 |
| |
|
|
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.脑囊虫病 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
七、脑白质病变 |
1.多发性硬化 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
|
| |
|
|
了解 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
| ||
|
|
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.肾上腺营养不 |
影像学表现 |
|
|
|
|
良性脑白质病 |
|
了解 |
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.甲状旁腺功能 |
影像学表现 |
了解 |
③ |
|
|
低下 |
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
八、椎管内病变 |
1.髓内肿瘤 |
(1)X 线椎管造影表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
(2)常见髓内肿瘤的病因病理、临床 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
表现 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现及鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.髓外硬膜内肿 |
(1)X 线椎管造影表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
瘤 |
(2)常见髓外硬膜内肿瘤的病因病 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
理、临床表现 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现及鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.硬膜外肿瘤 |
(1)X 线椎管造影表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
(2)常见硬膜外肿瘤的病因病理、临 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
床表现 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现及鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.脊髓空洞症 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
九、眼眶 |
1.检查技术 |
(1)X 线平片 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
(2)X 线造影 |
掌握 |
③ |
|
|
|
(3)CT |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.眶内炎性假瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.眼型 Grave 病 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.脉络膜黑色素 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
瘤 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.视网膜母细胞 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
瘤 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.视神经胶质瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.视神经脑膜瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.海绵状血管瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.泪腺混合瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. 颈动脉海绵 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
窦瘘 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.眼部异物 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
十、耳与颞骨 |
1.检查技术 |
(1)X 线摄影 |
掌握 |
③ |
|
|
|
(2)CT 检查 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.正常表现 |
(1)X 线表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
|
|
|
(2)CT 表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.急性化脓性中 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
耳乳突炎 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.慢性化脓性中 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
耳乳突炎 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.继发性胆脂瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.颞骨及耳先天 |
(1)病因病理 |
了解 |
② |
|
|
畸形 |
(2)临床表现 |
② |
| |
|
|
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.颞骨外伤 |
(1)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(2)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
十一、鼻与鼻窦 |
1.检查技术 |
(1)X 线检查 |
掌握 |
③ |
|
|
|
(2)CT 检查 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.急性化脓性鼻 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
窦炎 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.慢性化脓性鼻 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
窦炎 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.鼻腔和鼻窦息 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
肉 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.真菌性鼻窦炎 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.鼻和鼻窦炎的 |
(1)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
并发症 |
(2)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.鼻窦黏液囊肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.鼻窦黏膜下囊 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
肿 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.牙源性囊肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. 鼻和鼻窦恶 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
性肿瘤 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.骨瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
十二、咽与喉 |
1.检查技术 |
(1)X 线检查 |
掌握 |
③ |
|
|
|
(2)CT 检查 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.腺样体增生 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.咽部脓肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
4.鼻咽纤维血管 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
瘤 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.鼻咽癌 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.喉癌 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
十三、涎腺 |
1.正常解剖 |
(1)腮腺 |
|
① |
|
|
|
(2)颌下腺 |
掌握 |
① |
|
|
|
(3)舌下腺 |
|
① |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.X 线检查方法 |
(1)X 线平片检查 |
掌握 |
③ |
|
|
|
(2)涎腺造影检查 |
③ |
| |
|
|
|
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.慢性化脓性涎 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
腺炎 |
|
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
|
|
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
4.涎腺良性肿瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
|
|
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
5.涎腺恶性肿瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
|
|
|
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
|
③ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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第九章 胸部 |
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肺、纵隔、胸壁 |
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单 元 |
细 目 |
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要 点 |
要求 |
科目 |
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一、基本病变影像学 |
支气管阻塞、肺部、 |
(1)病因病理 |
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表现 |
肺门病变及胸膜、 |
(2)影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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胸壁、纵隔基本病 |
(3)鉴别诊断及比较影像学 |
③ |
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变 |
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二、气管和支气管病 |
1.先天性支气管囊 |
(1)病因病理 |
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变 |
肿 |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断及比较影像学 |
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2.支气管扩张 |
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(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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3.慢性支气管炎 |
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(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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三、肺先天性疾病 |
1.肺不发育和发育 |
(1)病理 |
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不全 |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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2.肺隔离症 |
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(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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3.肺动静脉瘘 |
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(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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四、肺炎 |
1.大叶性肺炎 |
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(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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2.支气管肺炎 |
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(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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3.病毒性肺炎 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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4.支原体肺炎 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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5.过敏性肺炎 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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6.真菌感染 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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7.肺脓肿 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断及比较影像学 |
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8.局灶机化性肺炎 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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9.炎性假瘤 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断及比较影像学 |
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五、肺结核 |
1.结核病的基础与 |
(1)结核病的新分类法、分期 |
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相关知识 |
(2)临床特征、治疗原则 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)基本影像学表现 |
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2.原发性肺结核 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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3.血行播散性肺结 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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核 |
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4.继发性肺结核 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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5.结核性胸膜炎 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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六、肺肿瘤 |
1.支气管肺癌 |
(1)病因病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
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(3)肺癌的 TNM 分期 |
掌握 |
② |
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(4)中央型肺癌的影像学表现 |
③ |
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(5)周围型肺癌的影像学表现 |
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(6)鉴别诊断 |
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2.转移瘤 |
(1)临床表现 |
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(2)病理改变 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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3.其他恶性肿瘤 |
(1)类癌的影像学表现 |
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(2)肉瘤的影像学表现 |
了解 |
③ |
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(3)淋巴瘤的影像学表现 |
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③ |
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七、原因不明性肺疾 |
结节病 |
(1)病因病理 |
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病 |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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八、尘肺 |
1.矽肺 |
X 线表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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2.石棉肺 |
影像学表现 |
了解 |
③ |
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九、胸壁及胸膜病变 |
1.常见胸壁肿瘤 |
影像、MR 表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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2.胸膜间皮瘤 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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3.胸膜转移瘤 |
(1)病理特点 |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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十、纵隔肿瘤 |
1.胸腺瘤 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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2.畸胎类肿瘤 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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3.神经源性肿瘤 |
影像学表现 |
掌握 |
③ |
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心脏与大血管 |
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单 元 |
细 目 |
要 点 |
要求 |
科目 |
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一、心脏大血管基本 |
1.心脏外形及各 |
(1)病因、病理 |
掌握 |
② |
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病变 |
房室增大 |
(2)影像学表现 |
③ |
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2.胸部大血管异 |
(1)病因、病理 |
掌握 |
② |
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常 |
(2)影像学表现 |
③ |
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3.肺循环异常 |
(1)病因、病理 |
掌握 |
② |
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(2)影像学表现 |
③ |
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二、先天性心脏大血 |
1.房间隔缺损 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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管疾病 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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2.室间隔缺损 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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3.动脉导管未闭 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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4.先天性肺动脉 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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狭窄 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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5.法洛四联症 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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6.大动脉错位 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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③ |
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7.肺静脉畸形连 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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② |
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接 |
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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8.三尖瓣下移畸 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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形 |
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)别诊断与比较影像学 |
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③ |
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9.先天性主动脉 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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② |
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窦瘤破裂 |
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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10. 先天性主动 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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② |
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脉缩窄 |
(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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③ |
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11. 先天性主动 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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脉弓及头臂动脉 |
(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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畸形 |
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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三、获得性心脏病 |
1.风湿性心脏病 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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(MS、MI、AS、 |
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
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AI、TS、TI) |
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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2.冠状动脉粥样 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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硬化性心脏病 |
(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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③ |
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3.高血压性心脏 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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② |
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病 |
(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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③ |
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4.肺源性心脏病 |
(1)病因、病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断 |
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③ |
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5.心肌病 |
(1)分类、病理 |
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② |
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(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
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(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
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③ |
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6.心脏肿瘤 |
(1)病因、病理 |
熟悉 |
② |
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(2)临床表现 |
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② |
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(3)影像学表现 |
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③ |
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|
|
(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
四、心包疾病 |
1.心包积液 |
(1)分类、病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| |||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.缩窄性心包炎 |
(1)病因、病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| |||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.心包囊肿 |
(1)病因、病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
了解 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| |||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
五、大血管疾病 |
1.胸主动脉瘤 |
(1)病因、病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| |||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.主动脉夹层 |
(1)病因、病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
掌握 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| |||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
|
③ |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.大动脉炎 |
(1)病因、病理 |
|
② |
| |
|
|
(2)临床表现 |
熟悉 |
② |
| |
|
|
(3)影像学表现 |
③ |
| ||
|
|
|
| |||
|
|
(4)鉴别诊断与比较影像学 |
|
③ |
|